Bài tập về cụm từ cố định

CỤM TỪ CỐ ĐỊNH(COLLOCATIONS)

Đơn vị dùng làm chất liệu cơ sở để tạo ra câu đơn vị giao tiếp không phải chỉ có từ. Ngoài từ ra, còn có một loại đơn vị gọi là cụm từ cố định. Có thể nêu một khái niệm giản dị cho cụm từ cố định điển hình như sau:

Cụm từ cố định là đơn vị do một số từ hợp lại, tồn tại với tư cách một đơn vị có sẵn như từ, có thành tố cấu tạo và ngữ nghĩa cũng ổn định như từ.

Chính vì thế cụm từ cố định được gọi là đơn vị tương đương với từ. Chúng tương đương với nhau về tư cách của những đơn vị được làm sẵn trong ngôn ngữ, và tương đương với nhau về chức năng định danh, chức năng tham gia tạo câu. Chẳng hạn, các cụm từ:to hold the balance even between two paties, to speak by the book, của tiếng Anh;ruộng cả ao liền, qua cầu rút ván, tóc rễ tre, con gái rượu, của tiếng Việt, đều là những cụm từ cố định. Chúng được tái hiện và tái lập cũng như các từ vậy.

BÀI TẬP CỤM TỪ CỐ ĐỊNH ỨNG DỤNG

1. We couldnt fly_______because all the tickets had been sold out.
A. economical B. economy C. economic D. economics
2. Does that name_______to you?
A. ring a bell B. break the ice C. foot the bill D. fall into place
3. If you want a good flat in London, you have to pay through the_______for it.
A. mouth B. ear C. nose D. teeth
4. Mrs. Granny is completely deaf. Youll have to_______allowance for her.
A. bring B. take C. make D. find
5. I am not able to go anywhere this weekend because I am up to my_______in work.
A. neck B. nose C. head D. eyes
6. I asked him to drive more slowly, but he didnt take any_______.
A. attention B. regard C. notice D. recognition
7. A_______of dancers from Beijing is one of the leading attractions in the festival.
A. packet B. troop C. herd D. troupe
8. Before you sign the contract,_______in mind that you wont be able to change anything later.
A. hold B. bear C. retain D. reserve
9. Under the_______of the press, bloggers, and Vietnams technology community, Dong decided to take the game Flappy Bird down.
A. order B. force C. pressure D. command
10. It doesnt matter to me one way or another, but I wish you would at least_______an effort at seeing his side of it.
A. make B. do C. doing D. making
11. The Red List a global list of endangered and vulnerable animal species has been introduced to_______peoples awareness of conservation.
A. rise B. raise C. draw D. arise
12. I_______sight of the robber just before he disappeared around the corner.
A. caught B. took C. got D. had
13. Recent discoveries about corruption have_______serious damage to the companys reputation.
A. done B. taken C. made D. found
14. It seems that the thief took_______of the open windows and got inside that way.
A. occasion B. chance C. opportunity D. advantage
15. I wonder if you could_______me a small favour, Tom.
A. bring B. make C. give D. do
16. Every step_______to improve the living conditions in these slums only attracts more migrants.
A. held B. hold C. taken D. took
17. How was your exam? A couple of questions were tricky, but on the_______it was pretty easy.
A. spot B. general C. hand D. whole
18. I just took it_______that hed always be available.
A. into consideration B. easy C. into account D. for granted
19. I accidentally_______Mike when I was crossing a street downtown yesterday.
A. kept an eye on B. lost touch with C. paid attention to D. caught sight of
20. I was glad when he said that his car was_______.
A. for my use B. for me use C. at my use D. at my disposal
21. Stop_______about the bush, John! Just tell me exactly what the problem is.
A. rushing B. hiding C. beating D. moving
22. I refuse to believe a word of it; its a cock-and-_______story.
A. hen B. goose C. bull D. duck
23. Why dont you_______a go? Its not difficult!
A. make B. have C. do D. set
24. Researchers have_______to the conclusion that your personality is affected by your genes.
A. come B. got C. reached D. arrived
25. It was so quiet; you could have heard a_______drop.
A. pin B. feather C. leaf D. sigh
26. A flat in the centre of the city might_______you an arm and a leg.
A. spend B. lose C. cost D. require
27. British and Australian people share the same language, but in other respects they are as different as_______.
A. cats and dogs B. salt and pepper C. chalk and cheese D. here and there
28. Im not surprised that Tom is ill. Hes been_______for a long time. It was bound to affect his health sooner or later.
A. having his cake and eating it B. burning the candles at both hands
C. playing with fire D. going to town
29. Most scientists believe that the day robots will become a part of our lives will come
A. from time to time B. more and less C. sooner and later D. later than never
30. There was no_______in waiting longer than half an hour so we left.
A. use B. good C. worth D. point
31. It was a joke! I was pulling your_______.
A. thumb B. hair C. toe D. leg
32. The doctor who is_______tonight in the general hospital is Mr. Brown.
A. in turn B. on tour C. on call D. at work
33. Mr. Dawson was given the award in_______of his services to the hospital.
A. spite B. charge C. recognition D. sight
34. It never_______his mind that his dishonesty would be discovered.
A. crossed B. came C. spunk D. passed
35. Im sorry! I didnt break that vase on_______.
A. my mind B. time C. purpose D. intention
36. He has been given work as a window cleaner even though he has no_______.
A. head B. skill C. ability D. balance
37. Make sure you book a ticket in_______.
A. ahead B. advance C. forward D. before
38. Im in two_______about whether to go to_______the wedding or not.
A. brains B. minds C. thoughts D. heads
39. I know his name, but I cant recall it at the moment. Its on the tip of_______.
A. tongue B. brain C. mind D. memory
40. All work and no play_______.
A. makes Jack a dull boy B. makes a dull boy Jack
C. make Jack a dull boy D. make a dull boy Jack
41. The government has_______every effort to stop the rapid spread of COVID-19.
A. done B. made C. created D. brought
42. Despite our careful planning, the whole surprise party was a_______of accidents.
A. volume B. verse C. chapter D. page
43. The athletes bitter defeat in the match_______a blow to his hopes of defending his title at the championship.
A. had B. dealt C. paid D. brought
44. In spite of their disabilities, the children at Spring School manage to_______an active social life.
A. take B. gather C. lead D.save
45. My sister really enjoys acting as a hobby, but she doesnt want to do it for a(n)_______.
A. occupation B. existence C. living D. survival
46. Nicholas had never chaired a meeting before, but he rose to the_______yesterday when he presided over a forum.
A. incident B. issue C. difficulty D. occasion
47. The students were worried that they wouldnt be able to_______the deadline for the assignment.
A. meet B. match C. answer D. beat
48. Despite sharing viewpoints on many issues, Nina and her husband are_______when it comes to child rearing.
A. at odds B. at hands C. at most D. at least
49. I feel terrible; I didnt sleep_______last night.
A. a jot B. a wink C. an inch D. an eye
50. I cant understand this song. It doesnt make any_______.
A. meaning B. effort C. sense D. realization

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